Mail-marking machine.



No. 769,458. PATBNTBD SEPT. 6, 1904. W. BARRY. MAIL MARKING MACHINE.

APRLIUATION FILED MAY 19, 1897. BIENBWBD JULY 25. 1903.

No MODEL. e SHEETS-SHEET 1.

` 10'? Ay, v

[L] @o l' g e o O /3I 39 7] ma 30 ik f1 13 3 5 e 15 F O f 74( 6 78 V 3 C," A '32,/ Y I g I l. 6 I V `l 4 9 I l l I I l I y No. 769,458. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. W. BARRY. MAIL MARKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. 1897. RENEWED JULY 25, 1903. N0 MODEL. 6 8HEETS-SHEET 2.

WW1/meow No. 769,458. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. W. BARRY.

MAIL MARKING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED MAY 19. 1997. BENBWED JULY 25. 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

W. BARRY. MAIL MARKING MACHINE. APPLIGATION FILED l11111 19. 1897. RBNEWED JULY 25. 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

No. 769,458. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. W. BARRY.

MAIL MARKING MACHINE. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAY 19. 1897. RENBWBD JULY z5. 1903.

NO MODEL.

6 SHEBTSSHEET 5.

No. 769,458. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. W. BARRY.

MAIL MARKING MACHINE.

Y APPLIUATION FILED MAY 19. 1897. EENEWED JULY 25. 1903. N0 MODELA 6 SHBBTS-SHBBT 8.

UNITED STATES Patented September 6, 1904.

VILLIAM BARRY, OF OSW'EGO, NEW YORK.

MAIL-MARKING MACHINE.

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,458, dated September 6, 1904.

Application led May 19, 1897. Renewed Tuly 25, 1903. Serial No. 167,045. No model.)

To (LIZ zutrmt it HL/ty v0/1.011.171.:

zen of the United States, residing at Oswego, in the county of Oswego and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mail-Marking Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in mail-marking machines.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction, and in combinations, and'in arrangements of parts, as more fully and particularlyY pointed out and described hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying' drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of the front portion of a mail marking machine of the Barry type, the stacker and feeder shown at their limits of stroke in one direction. Fig'. '2 is a sectional view showing the printing mechanism, the impression-surface shown in its normal withdrawn position. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail elevation of the printing' mechanism, parts being' broken away, showing a letter between the rolls and the impressionsurface brought up to printing' position. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the front end of a machine of the Barry7 type, showing a somewhat diil'erent construction of stacker-linger with the parts in a different position from that shown in Fig. 1, dotted lines showing a still different position of the stacker and its pitman, also showing a guard at the front end of the receiving-way, not shown in Fig. l. Fig. is a detail sectional view of the impression portion of the impression-roll. Fig. (5 is a detail section of the feeding portion of the impression-roll. Fig. T is a detail top plan view of the printing-roll. Fig. S isa detail edge view ofsaid roll. Fig'. 9 is a detail perspective ofthe yielding printing-section of the roll. Fig. l() is a detail perspective view of the yielding feeding-section of the printing-roll. Fig'. 1l

is a detail perspective of a portion of the printing-roll, the separate type and the yield- Y ing printing-section being removed. Be it known that 1, YVILLL-iu BARRY, a citi- Fig. 19. is a detail enlarged sectional view showing' the crank or journal stud of the roll and the bearing' of the pitman thereon. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view through a portion of the printing-roll, showing the removable type in eleva-tion and the large printing-block in section. Fig. 11 is a top plan view of a portion of the machine, showing a form of separator which can be employed. Fig. 15 is a detail elevation of the front portion of the inner side guide-wall of the feedway of the machine` a portio'n of the wall being broken away, showing the separator of Fig. l-l. Fig. 16 is a detail enlarged cross-sectional view taken through said separator. Fig. 17 is a detail perspective view of said separator looking' at the rear side thereof and showing a portion of its spring, the friction-strips not being' shown. Fig. 18 is a detail perspective view of one of the lingers of the separator, the friction-strip not being shown. Fig. 19 is a top plan view of a portion of a mailmarkingmachine, showing the preferred form of separator. Fig. 2O is a detail side elevation of the inner side guide of the feedway, having its front end broken away and showing the separator of Fig'. 19 in elevation. Fig'. 21 is a detailed perspective, enlarged, of the separator of Fig'. l2), the rearwardly-extending shank thereof being broken away and the Latches shown at their limit of outward movement in the position they assume wlien'the separator is moved back from the front g'uidewall. Fig'. 22 is a detail horizontal sectional view through the separator, showing `one of said catches in top plan. Fig. 23 is a detail perspective view, enlarged, of one of said catches. Fig. 24: is a detail side elevation of an ink-pad and its arm, showing the guard therefor in verti al section. Fig'. 25 is a crosssectional view through the guard and arm, carrying the ink-pad and showing a portion of the printing-roll in elevation and the ink-pad engaging the printing portion thereof and resting onthc edge of the guard. Figs. 26 and '2T are views corresponding to ligure 25, showing, respectively, modilied forms of ink-pad guards and`sup ports. Fig'. 28 is a detail crosssectional view illustrating the means employed for adjustably mounting the outer guide-bar of the receiving-way.

ln the drawings, 1 is the frame, or a portion thereof, of a mail-marking machine of the Barry type, and 2 is the forwardly-extending bed or table thereof. In this type .of mailmarking machine two letter-ways are generally employed, arranged horizontally and side by side and generally terminating at their front ends in about the same vertical plane. Means are provided to feed or carry the letters forwardly in one way-the feedwaysuch means not being here shown, and means are also provided in the receiving-way to loosely feed or carry the letters toward the rear end thereof. A printing mechanism is interposed between the front ends of the two w ays, and a feeder carries the letters, one a*I a time, from the front end of the feedway into the printing mechanism and through a separating device. The printing mechanism discharges the letters into and transversely of the front end of the receiving-way and asuitable stacker, properly timed, forces back each letter after rit has entered the receiving-way.

3 is the feedway, wherein the letters are arranged on edge and properly faced and are constantly fed or pressed forwardly against the front end wall 4. 5 is the receiving-way, having a suitable front end wall or guide 6, anda follower 7 or other suitable means to hold the letters loosely together and in the proper position, and which gradually moves back toward the rear end of the way as the letters are stacked or packed therein. These letter-ways are provided with suitable edge or side guides, which it is not necessary to particularly specify herein.

A suitable guideway is arranged in front of and usually parallel with the end wall 4 of the letter-feedway, and on this guideway a reciprocating carrier 8 is arranged to slide or reciprocate transversely of the feed-way. This carrier carries a feeder 9, preferably comprising a suitable block provided with a surface of needle-points. The end wall 4 is longitudinally slotted and the surface of needle-points projects through the slot as the feeder makes its feeding stroke and engages the front face of each letter as it is pressed against the end wall and carries the same laterally from the way along said wall and past the separating device 10 at the discharge opening or th'roat from said way and at the inner side of the front end thereof. The feeder at its return stroke moves the needle-points outwardly, so as not to engage the letters in the way. This feeder carries each letter into the printing mechanism, which comprises an impression-roll 11 and a printing-roll 12, the specific constructions of which will be more fully described hereinafter. The impression-roll is usually arranged behind the front wall, while the printing-roll vis usually arranged in front thereof,over the bed or table 2 of the machine, and. in the construction herein specifically shown these rolls usually rotate horizontally and pass the letters between them, imprinting the proper marks thereon and discharging them into the receivingway. The printingroll is provided with a vertical -stud or crank-pin 13 rigid therewith and projecting upwardly from its upper end'and mounted eccentric to the roll. Y

14 is a pitman or connection at one end pivotally joined at 15 to a reciprocating feeder and at an intermediate point loosely or pivotally joined to or' confined on said stud or crankpin 13 of the printing-roll in a preferred manner, which will be more 'specifically described hereinafter. Suitable means .(not here shown) being provided to rotate the printing-roll in the direction of the arrow, it is obvious that the feeder will be reciprocated back and forth at the front end of the feedway to feed the letters one by one to the printing mechanism, as before described. The opposite end of the pitman or connection 14 is extended beyond the eccentric connection with the printing-roll to a point in front of lthe receiving-way and is there provided with a suitable letter-pusher, preferably in the form of a spring-finger usually extended laterally from the pitman or connection 14 toward the receiving-way. In Fig. 1 the pitman 14 is shown as rigid within itself throughout its length, and at its end extended in front of the receiving-way and beyond the printing-roll apusher-finger 16 is at its outer end pivoted to the end of said pitman and from thence extended inwardly toward the receiving-way, so as to swing transverse to the receiving-way. This finger is curved backwardly with its free end rounded or deflected toward the printingroll, so as to form a rounded end or extremity to engage and not catch the letters. The pivoted end of the finger is provided with stops 17 18, arranged to engage the opposite edges of the pitman and limit the outward and inward swing, respectively, of the free end of the finger. Any suitable spring, such as 19, can be secured to the pitman and to the finger to constantly and yieldingly press the free end of the finger outwardly and against the letters as the finger engages the letters .in the receiving-way.

The front end wall 6 of the receiving-Way is longitudinally slotted, and after each letter has been discharged into the receiving-way the pusher-linger enters the front end of said way near the letter-entrance thereinto and engagesthe front face of the letter and moves into the way, forcing the letter toward the rear end of the way, and at the same time moves in a curvetoward the side guide or .outer edge of the way, and thereby not only IOO lIO

forces the letters reai'wai'dly in the way, but l the stud 13 of the printing-roll, and by foi'mpushes each letter' toward the side guide Q0 of ing the pitnian with an elongated bearii'ig 22' the way, and thereby alines the lettei's against to slide down onto the stud l5 and another the same.

sion of its spring, and hence as the pitman starts on its i'etui'n stroke to carry the finger from the way the spring still continues to hold the free end of the fingei' against the letter', and when the pressure of the pitman on the finger is i'eleased the spi'ing throws the free end of the finger with a i'apid quick movement towai'd the side g'uide 20, tliei'eby giving' the letter in Contact therewith a quick jerk or throw toward the said guide, which matei'ially aids in pi'operly stacking and alining the letters. The pusher-fingermoves in' an encii'cling path into and out of the front end of the way with a return stroke outside of the way and does not enter the way until the letter has passed thereinto, so that the finger does not interfere with the fi'ee passage of the letters into theway, but pi'esses back the letters in the way, particularly at their ends toward the letter-enti'ance to the way, thei'eby leaving' ample space for each letter to freely entei' the wav.

In Fig. 4 the pitman and pusher-fingei' cai'- i'ied thereby ai'e shown in different positions from that shown in Fig. l, and also a modified consti'uction of pusher-finger is shown, whei'eby the same result is attained and the niimbei' of joints, parts, &c., ai'e i'educed. In this construction a plate-spi'ing or spring rod or wire 2l is secured rigidly to the end of the pitinan projecting beyond the printing-roll and from thence extends in direct extension of the pitman and in fi'ont of the i'eceivingway and has its end bent laterally toward the i'oll and curved inwardly, with the deflected inner end to foi'm a pusher-finger 16 of approximately the same genei'al outline and foi'ni of the fingei' 16 ofI Fig. l and which also yields backwardly as it presses against the letters and also gives each letter the outward "kick or throw towai'd the guide Q0 as the finger starts to move out and the spi'ing thereof' recovers to assume its normal position as the pressure thereon is relieved. A most efficient stacker is thus provided and also a most simple construction is thus provided for opei'ating a stackei' and a feedei' from a i'oll, whereby the number of parts is reduced to a minimum and also a plurality of joints and pivots ai'e dispensed with in addition to certain other material advantages which are attained and which ai'e of the utmost l sary to employ, and l do not limit myself to importance from a commercial and practical standpoint.

rlhe pitman let, carrying a presser, stacker, or pusher at is outer end, is preferably so mounted and connected that it can be easily lifted from the pi'inting-roll and feeder when the machine is at rest. This object is usually attained by having' a stud l5 extending' up from and rigid with the feeder-carrier and As the finger' presses in against l elongated bearing Q3 to slide down onto and the letters it is pressed back against the tenfit the stud 13. The studs ai'e of the same diameter thoughout, and these beai'iiig' openings or boxes are properly foi'nied in and of the metal of the pitman and usually of the same length as the studs which they lit snugly, yet so as to permit free turning thereon. By this arrangement no fastening' means ai'e necessary to secure the pitman, and hence it can be freely lifted from the studs at any time when the machine is at i'est for cleaning, repair, or renewing. This is a valuableand iinportant feature.

It is desirable to prevent the lubricant placed in the bearing-box from i'unning and wasting out onto the printing-roll with the consequent tendency of flowing onto the type and printing parts of the roll, and lence the exterior surface of the stud 13 can be formed with a spiral channel oi' groove 2i of such a pitch and direction that the lubricant entering the same will be constantly worked or conveyed upwardly toward the upper end of the stud and bearing and again fed down to the lower end of the spiral channel. The lubricant can be fed to the lower end of the beai'ing and groove through the duct Q5 to one side ot' the bearing-opening and extending from the top of the same and discharging' into the beai'ing-opeiiing' neai' its lower end and at the lower end of the thread and opening into the upper portion of the bearingopening at 243/.

The printing-roll is preferably, although not necessarily, divided into three poi'tions viz., the type-cai'i'ingpoi'tion 26, arranged at the Lipper end of the roll and reduced in diameter except where the. type and small canceling-die ai'e located, the peripheral letterfeeding portion 2T foi'ining a circumferential concentric letter-feeding surface or portion to one `side of and in a different plane fi'oiii the type portion of the i'oll and the concenti'ie peripheral bearingor stop portion 2S, arranged to one side of the other portions of the roll and preferably at the lower end thereof and beneath the horizontal plane in which the letters travel through the printing' mechanism. The printing-roll is usually mounted on the upper end of a suitable shaft and is preferably formed integral and properly tui'ned or otherwise formed with said three portions, although it is not absolutely necesthe employment of', the bearing portion 9S of the i'oll. Any suitable inkel', such as inkingroll 29, can be mounted above the bed or table of the machine to engage only the type or other pi'inting characters at the upper end of the peripheryof Lheroll. As before stated, the upper end of the roll is reduced circumfei'entially in diameter, foi'iiiing an annular IOO IIO

shoulder or edge at the lower end of the type portion of the roll.

8O is the stamp-canceling die arranged at said reduced portion of the roll and just above the plane of said shoulder. This die is preferably in the form of a segmental-shaped block or plate having the printing-ribs at its outer face. The rear end of the said block in the direction of rotation is mounted on a vertical pivot 3l rigid with the roll, so that the free end of the block is free to swing in and out toward the impression-roll. A suitable yielding device is employed to constantly press the free end of the block outwardly, such as spring 32, secured to the roll with its free end forcing the block outwardly. A yielding feeding-segment 35 is arranged directly beneath the yielding printing-segment and within the plane of the feeding portion of the roll. This feeding plate, block, or segment 35 is of approximately the same size and shape as the printing-segment 30, which rests directly thereon, and is located in a recess in the feeding portion of the printingroll and is mounted on the same pivot 3l as the printing-segment, which pivot extends up from the lower portion of the roll at the bottom of said recess containing said pivoted segments. rlhe outer face of the feedingsegment is roughened or serrated in any suitable manner to in a measure grip and feed the letters. A spring 32 is also provided for the feeding-segment to independently press out its free end. These two springs 32 are preferably located between the inner faces of the free portions of said segments and the body of the roll bef hind the same, so as to independently press out their respective seg'ments, yet the spring of segment 35 is slightly stiffer than the spring ofsegment 30 to hold back the printing-seg'- ment slightly. A radial plate 84 is usually secured at the rear end of the recess containing said swinging segments and just in rear of the heels or rear ends of said segments, and a rocking evener or lever 84 is fulcrumed at its central portion to said plate at a point about opposite the meeting edges of the two segments, so as to rock on an axis radial to the printing-roll. The heels of the segments are vertically recessed at 33, in front of the pivot thereof, so that the free ends of the lever or evener are arranged, respectively, opposite the radial walls of said recesses. The lever is preferably inclined inwardly from its center toward the respective segments, with its ends formed to constitute stops in engaging said walls of the recesses and limiting the outward swing of the free ends of the segments. The object of the construction is to provide a variable or evener stop mechanism for the swinging segments, so that the two segments can be forced in a suitable distance both together and at the same time, but so that if one segment is forced in the evener-stop will be thereby so moved as to permit the spring' of the other segment to force said segment out an unusual distance, even a distance beyond the circle of the roll or beyond the ordinary printing-point, and hence I do not limit myself to the exact construction disclosed for this purpose, but can employ any variable or evener stop mechanism whereby one segment can move out, for the purpose hereinafter mentioned, when the other segment is forced in.

It will be observed that the ends of the evener-lever engaging the heels of the-swinging segments in front of the pivot form a stop limiting the outward swing' of the free ends of the segments and also that the free ends of the segments can be both forced in at the same moment, as thereby both segments move away from the evener; but if the feeding-segment 35 should be forced in without havingl a like force applied to the printing-segment 30 the spring of the segment 30 can force the same outwardly a corresponding distance, as the lower end of the evenerlever will follow the heel of the segment 35, thereby permitting the printing-segment to follow the ripper end of the lever in the opposite direction. As the printing' and impression rolls and their feeding portions rotate the front free ends of the segments lirst engage the letter with the impression-roll portions and yield or give inwardly, thereby permitting the rolls to grasp the letters without sudden blows and thumping and without throwing the impression-roll so far out as not to recover soon enough to supply the proper pressure during the printing operation. A printing-roll having a yielding printing-segment performs its functions and imprints a proper canceling-mark in such a machine in a far superior manner than where the same feature is held rigidly in the roll, and also material advantages are attained by providing the roll with a movable yielding feeding portion which first engages each letter as it enters the bite of the rolls.

As hereinafter set forth, the peculiar printingroll with the yielding segments can be used in connection with a normally retracted impression-surface and a feeding-roll coacting with the feeding portion of the printingroll and connected with or controlling the impression-surface to bring the same to operative position when a letter starts between the feeding portions, and hence should thev feed-roll not be pushed back by the entering letter the impression-surface would not be moved forward to operative position. When the impression-surface is retracted, there is no coacting' element opposite the swinging printing-segment, and hence as a letter enters the bite between the feeding portions of the rolls the feeding-segment 35, being lighter than the feeding-roll and its parts, might yield flrst before the feeding-roll, so that the impression surface would not be instantly brought up to operative printing position; but

IOO

to ease the blow and jar on the rolls as the letters enter the bite thereof.

Great and material advantages are attained by employing a printing-roll with the yieldi ing segments in connection with such an impression-roll as disclosed in my prior applications--such, for instance, as shown in my application Serial No. 562,538, wherein the feeding and impression portions are mounted on the same shaft, which is movable and pressed toward the printing-roll by a heavy spring. ln such construction when the machine is running at a high rate of speed rather thick letters are apt to throw the im pression-roll away or back such a distance that it does not rc- 1 cover quick enough to afford the proper presof the type abut against the periphery of the reduced portion of the roll and are thus afforded a rigid seat to receive the impact of the type when printing. Any suitable means can be provided to lock the type in the roll, such asa plate or holder 39, arranged radially on the upper end or surface of the printing-roll and at its inner end pivoted at et() on the upper end of the shaft of said roll, so that the plate can swing laterally over and entirely cover all of the type 3T, and hence hold them positively in theirproper positions against play or movement and against accidental displacement, and yet permits lateral swing of the plate over the end of the roll, so as to uncover all of the type and permit removal of any one or all of the type. A stop L1 is provided to limit the movement of the plate in one direction. and any suitable spring or other means is provided to normally hold the plate over and locking the type in their proper places. For this purpose a spring@ is shown herein secured to the upper end of the roll and bearing against said plate and exerting a constant pressure thereon to hold the plate against the stop and entirely covering the sure to cause an impression of the type; but

the printing yielding segment is so much lighter than the impression-roll and its parts l that it yields and recovers quickly and prevents such excessive movement of the impression-roll and permits the parts to adjust themselves to letters of different thickness without jumping, causing always the proper imprint to be printed on the letters irrespective of the letters or other mail-matter operated on.

type. lhus the spring normally holds the plate over the type, and it can only be swung from the type against the tension of the spring. Of course other means can be employed to lock or hold the plate over the type instead of the spring'. The plate is formed of any suitable shape, although it is here shown as a sector of the circle of the printing-roll, with its outer curved edge flush with the faces of the type and capable of printing a line on the letter beside the row of type. speed of the machine and the character of the l Just in rear of the stamp-canceling block a segmental block 36 is rigidly secured on the shoulder near the upper end of the printingroll, and this block 36 is formed with type at its outer periphery to print the post-oflice or This block does not extend to the plane of the upper end of the roll, but leaves sul'iicient space to receive the removable type 3T to print the year, month, day, and hour, &c. and which require changing at certain intervals.

The impression-roll is also shown as made up of three portions-wiz., an impression portion 4'.) to coact with the printing characters of the printing-roll, a 'feeding portion 43 beneath the impression portion and opposite and arranged to coact with the feeding portion of y the printing-roll, andA` a bearing portion @L4 other such matter as does not requlre changing or renewing each day, month, or year.

type are preferably arranged in a single horil zontal row on top of the block 36 and are each separate and each at the under side provided with a lateral projection or dowel 38 to removably enter corresponding recesses or sockets in the upper face of the block 3.)(3.

By this means any one of the type can be lifted from l ,y contact portions of the two rolls. These Q beneath the feeding portion of the impressionroll and concentric therewith and arranged to engage and coact with the bearing portion of the printing-roll. However, as be fore stated, it is not necessary to employ these bearing or The impression portion of the roll is mounted on and carried by a different shaft from the feeding and bearing portions of the impressionroll, although all the portions of the roll are arranged one beside the other, yet the impression portion need not necessarily be concentric with the feeding portion of the roll. The feeding and bearing portions of the impression-roll are preferably integral, the feeding-surface being preferably roughened or otherwise formed to grasp and feed the letters, while the bearing or contact portion 4:4 usually has a smooth surface. The integral roll having' the feeding portion 43 and bearing' portion 44C can be formed also integral IOO IIO

with a short depending shaft 45, which passes loosely through and turns in the elongated bearing 46 in the outer end of a horizontal swinging arm 47, arranged beneath the letterways of the machine at a suitable angle to the path traversed by the letters passing into the printing mechanism and so that said integral roll can easily move from the printing-roll to receive the letters between the rolls. The opposite end of said arm 47 is pivoted on a depending-stud or shaft 48, and suitable gearing, such as 49, couples the lower end of the shaft 45 with driving means (not here shown) to constantly rotate the roll having surfaces 43 44 with the printing-roll and in an opposite direction thereto. The said roll on shaft 45 is preferably formed hollow and open at the top or upper end. An oil-duct 50 extends down from the bottom of the chamber thus formed in the roll and opens laterally through the upper end of the shaft 45 into the upper end of the bearing 46. A layer of felt or other suitable fibrous material 5l is placed or located in the bottom of the interior of said roll over f the open upper end of the duct 50. A desired quantity of lubricant is placed in the hollow interior of the roll, and a sufcient quantity thereof percolates through the felt and fiows through the duct 50 to maintain the shaft 45 constantly lubricated, while the felt thoroughly filters the oil or other lubricant, and hence prevents an accumulation of dust and dirt in the oil-duct, which often occurs in mail-marking machines by reason of the flying dust and fiber from the mail-matter passing through the machine at a high rate of speed. rl`he shaft 45 extends above the frame and its roll is arranged above the frame of the machine, and the shaft and bearing 46 move toward and from the printing-roll in a suitable opening in the frame beneath the rolll and between the two letter-ways of the machine. 'lhe impression portion 42 is carried by a separate shaft or stud v52, rigid with and depending from a sliding or movable carrier 53 and extending down into the upper end of the hollow feeding portion of the impressionroll. This impression portion turns freely on said shaft or stud when driven by frictional contact with a letter or other piece of mailmatter passing between the rolls. However, this impression portion is not otherwise driven except by friction, as just mentioned. The sliding carrier or block 53 is preferably arranged in rear of the impression-roll between the letter-ways of the machine, with an arm extending forwardly over the impression portion and from which the stud 52 depends. A suitable guide or way or track is provided for said carrier 53 to permit limited reciprocation thereof toward and from the printingroll. This track can be formed by a block 54, rigidly secured to the frame of the machine between and parallel with the ways, with the carrier slidable on the upper edge thereof and parallel therewith. The carrier can be confined in position thereon by screws 55, passed down through elongated slots in the carrier into said base 54. The inward movement of the'carrier can be limited-in any suitable manner, as by turning down the rear end of the carrier beyond the rear end of the base 54 and providing a set-screw 55 through said depending end to engage the rear end of the base, and thereby limit the inward movement of the carrier. The inward movement of the carrier can be varied or adjusted by moving the set-screw in or out. If desired, the baseblock can also be adjusted by passing the clamping screws holding the same to the frame through slots, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.

Mechanism is provided whereby the feeding portion of the impression-roll is constantly held yieldingly to the printing-roll, while the impression portion 42 is normally held away from the printing-roll and entirely out of contact with the type or other portion of the printing-roll while the machine is operating until a letter passes between the feeding portions of the printing and impression rolls, when the impression portion will be at once forced to the proper position to receive the impact of the type and constitute a coacting impression-surface with the printing characters. By this means the impression-surface is always held out of contact with the type and away from the printing-roll except when a letter or other piece of mail-matter is interposed. Hence all danger of inking the impression-surface is absolutely avoided and yet IOO without the employment of the objectional A trip or stop mechanisms employed in other classes of mail-marking machines. For instance, as a mere example I show a specific construction for accomplishing this object, but do not wish to limit my invention strictly thereto.

56 is a lever or evener at its upper portion pivoted to the carrier 53 and from thence depending beside the same and the base 54 and at its lower end confined, preferably, by a universal connection or joint 57 with a link 58, secured to and extending rearwardly and horizontally from the bearing 46 or other part moving directly with arm 47 or the feeding portion of the impression-roll.

59 is a rigid stop extending from the base 54 to engage the front edge of the lever 56, preferably below its center, and limit its forward movement.

60 is a guide for the lever 56, extending beside the same and rigid with the base 54, to prevent outward or lateralplay of the lower portion of said lever.

6l is a rigid arm extending up from and rigid with the frame and of a suitable length. 62 is a heavy plate-spring secured to and carried by said arm and depending therefrom `with its free end bearing against the lever 56 ITO exert a constant forward pressure against said lever. A set-screw 63 can be provided to vary or control the tension of said spring. As the stop 59 is slightly above the plane of the point of engagement between the spring and rear edge of the lever, said stop acts as a fulcrum, the spring-pressure forcing the lower end of the lever forward and the upper end of the lever rearward, thereby holding' the impression-surface a distance from the printing-roll and printingcharacters thereof, while l the feeding' portion ot' said impression-roll is held yieldingly forward against the corresponding' portion of the printing-roll to properly receive and grasp the letters fed to the pi'inting mechanism. rFhis spring constantly holds the feeding portion of the impressionroll toward the printing-roll and in operative position with respect thereto, while the impression-surface is normally out of operative position. When a piece of inail-mattei' enters the printing mechanism,the feeding' portion of the impression-roll is forced reai'wardly against the tension of the spring 62, thereby forcing the lever 56 i'earwardly from the stop 59 and shifting the fulcrum to the point of contact 6st between said spring and the rear edge of the lever, so that the lower end of the lever moves rearwardly while its upper end moves forwardly, carrying' the impression-surface forwardly to operative position and yieldingly against the letter to receive the impact of the type while both the feeding' and imy pression portions are held yieldingly and eoni stantly pressed forwardly against the letter by the spring 62, and each can yield slightly independently of the other by reason of the spring pressing' against the evener or lever connecting the two portions of the roll. The evener or lever is so arranged that the slightest movement of the feeding' portion of the impression-roll away from the printing-roll or from its normal position throws the impression-surface forward to its operative position, so that when the thinnest postal cards or like matter pass through the machine the impression-surface will be properly brought forward to receive the impact of the type and cause a proper imprint on each piece of The thickest pieces of mailmatter the machine is capable of receiving will also bringl the impression-roll forward to its operative position, but without excessive force or pressure, even though the feeding' portion s3 be forced back a considerable distance, as the spring and lever in such an event permit the lever to swing from its lower end at the ljoint 57, the connection between the two rolls being' yielding' without requiring that the impression-surface always move forward a distance proportionate to the distance the feeding-roll is forced back. The fulcrum (Si is near the lower end of the lever` so that a very slight rearward movement of the lower end of the lever moves the upper end sutliciently to bring the inipression-surface completely to its operative position, while continued ri-arward movement of the lower end i of the lever and feeding-roll is taken up by the spi'ing without causing the impressionsurface to move forward beyond its operative position in accord with the continued rearward movementof the feeding-roll. It is obvious that the invention in this respect is not limited to the peculiar arrangement for mounting the spring ($2, as the spring might be mounted beneath the frame or otherwise and extend upwardly, or an entirely different spring device might be employed. By this peculiar arrangement ot' impression-roll and lever. in connection with a separate feed-roll, a much greater spring-pressure is exerted on the feed-roll than on the impression-surface, as eXtra spring foi'ce is required to keep the feed-roll in proper position for the purpose of feeding the letters forward under the great speed at which the machine is run. while only sufficient pressure is applied to the impression-surface to insure a clear print without such excessive pressure as would be destructive to the printing characters. Also in this connection I wish it understood that my invention is not limited to the lever or other connection between the feed roll and iinpression-surface, as great advantages are attained by the employment of an impressionsurface separate from and lnountcd independently of the feed-roll which coactsl with the printing-roll. so that the independentimpression-surface can be held forward and yield independently of the feed-roll and with a light spring-pressure and be supported by an independent carrier. Thus I might provide the impression roll or surface with a light movable frame entirely independent of the feedroll and provided with its own separate spring, as such a construction would be of great advantage, as the spring would most easily govern it and cause it to respond quickly and always maintain the proper pressure against the letter during the printing operation, and in such case the impression-surface would be normally maintained in operative position by its independent carrier and shaft separate from the feed-roll. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that theoscillating lever between the impression-surface and member within the path of the letters and moved aside by each advancing letter is provided with a yielding fulcrum or is directly springpressed at a point intermediate of said surface and said member, although my invention is not specifically limited to said arrangement, and also other means can be employed than a feed-roll to constitute the member in the path IOO IIO

of or moved by each advancing letter to bring the impression-surface up to operative position, and that such element or member can be variously located with respect to the impression-surface and can be variously shaped, constructed, and mounted without departing from my broad invention in this regard, and also that the invention is not limited to employment with the peculiar printing-roll described nor in the peculiar mail-marking machine shown.

The impression-roll is not driven except by frictional contact with the passing letters, and I also provide an improved impression roll and surface of general application independent of other constructions and features in that the impression-surface 42' is composed of a hardmetal ring oropen-end cylinder forming the periphery of the roll and is carried by a rubber backing 422 on an elongated central tube or bushing 423, usually extended above and below the roll and mounted and turning on the stud or shaft 52. In making the roll the rubber roll 422 with the central hole is first placed on the metal -sleeve or bushing, so as to be fixed thereto and turn therewith, and the rubber roll is then dressed or turned down to the proper size, and the thin metal ring or cylinder 42 is then forced over the rubber roll, so as to turn therewith and be fixed thereon and form the periphery or circumference of the completed article as a single roll with the parts firmly united with the rubber preferably extending out to the ends of the roll or flush with the ends of the metal ring or cylinder. The many advantages of such a construction of impression-roll are obvious, as the hard-metal surface can yield toward and from the printing-roll and rock vertically independently of its shaft when the pressure is greatest at either end of the roll, thus permitting the impression-surface to easily accommodate itself to uneven surfaces and always present a proper impression-surface without the employment of metal springs or joints. It is obvious, however, that the invention in this respect is not limited to the use of rubber, as other equivalent material can be employed.

An independent feature of the invention of general adaptability is the improved hardmetal impression-surface composed of a divided, hard, smooth, true surface made up of a plurality of fine points or ridges, each smooth at the outer face and the outer face of each Within the circle of the roll. In making the hard-metal ring the ring is first turned from steel with a slightly greater external diameter than in the completed article. Then with a fine milling-tool the outer surface or periphery of the ring is milled to form the divided impression-surface, made up of a face of closely-arranged points, ribs, or projections, usually individual points formed by crossup a bur, feather, or rough bitingsurface, which would prevent the employment of such a surface as an impression-surface. Hence the milled surface of the ring is then hardened byY any improved process, and after hardening the rough milled surface is ground down true and to the proper diameter, and so that all roughness and bur is removed and the outer ends of all the points or projections are left smooth and each ending in the circle of the circumference of the ring. Asmooth hard surface is thus produced devoid of roughness or biting burs and yet composed of a plurality of fine points which will not take up ink even if any should be presented thereto and which will not daub or smear ink on the letters or pieces of mail-matter engaged thereby. However, although I prefer to employ the hard-metal impression-surface, yet it is not absolutely necessary that such a surface be employed in connection with my present construction, wherein the impression-surface is held normally away from its operative position, and I do not limit my invention in this respect, although the impression-surface and its mounting form an important feature of the invention disclosed herein.

In Figs. 14 to 18, inclusive, an advantageous construction of separating mechanism is disclosed, wherein the number of joints and springs employed are reduced to a minimum and objectionable swinging movement of the fingers or letter-engaging faces is avoided. rIhe inner side wall 65 of the letter-feedway ends a short distance in rear of the front wall of said way to form the throat or letter-discharge passage from said way, the letters passing from the way along and guided by said front end wall to the printing mechanism. The separating' mechanism comprises a reciprocating frame arranged loosely at the outer face of said wall 65 and arranged to project across said throat to the front guidewall and to reciprocate to and from the same. The frame is yielding'ly held forwardly to said guide-wall by a suitable spring and at its front end has the fingers or surfaces 66 beveled at the inner face forwardly toward said wall and rearwardly or in the direction the letters travel to the printing mechanism. The drawings show two.such fingers or surfaces arranged one above the other with a proper space between for the passage of the feeder in its reciprocation between the printing mechanism and front end of the letter-way. In rear of the throat or letter-discharge passage said fingers are rigidly secured together, as by the block or connecting-web 67, and the fingers from the throat extend rearwardly along the outer face of the wall 65 and are loosely confined thereto and are suitably guided to hold them in the proper positions and yet permit free reciprocation thereof toward and from the front guide-Wall. Each grooves. The operation of milling throws 1 finger can be formed of a metal plate or holder IOO IIO

IZO

having the straight portion or shank at the outer face of the wall 65, with the front end curved forwardly and rearwardly in the letterdischarge passage, so that the letters pressed against said front curved edges will exert a wedging action on the separator in forcing the same back to permit the passage of one letter at a time to the printing mechanism. The straight portions or shanks of the fingers are shown connected by a plate or web 67 at the outer face of the wall 65. This web is formed with a longitudinal slot 68, through which guiding' and confining pins 69 are passed into the wall 65, which permits the free reciprocation of the separator, but holds the same in its proper vertical position and against tilting or rocking. The outer curved letter engaging and holding ends of the fingers can perform their proper functions by presenting metal surfaces to the letters to hold back all letters behind the particular one being fed and carried by the feeder-block. However, in the drawings the fingers are shown provided with friction material 70, to engage and hold back the letters; but the invention is not limited to the employment of such or other additional friction material or facing. Each finger is shown provided with a longitudinal groove or channel 71 along its inner face and curved end to receive a strip of rubber TO or other suitable friction material which can be fed or adjusted along the groove as the material wears away at the front end. At the curved face of each finger the groove is formed of such depth as to prevent the friction material engaging' the letters except at the extreme front end of the finger, where the side walls of the groove are cut away, so that the front end of the friction material can press against the front guide-wall and can press against and rub along the rear face of the letter carried along' the guide-wall by the feeder and will thereby hold bach the letters behind the one being fed. Any suitable means can be provided to adjustably clamp each rubber strip. For this purpose a bridge 72 can be formed across the channel or groove of each finger and a clamping-screw passed through the outer side of the finger against a plate to clamp the rubber against the bridge. A single spring 73 can be employed to yieldingly hold the separator forward with its front end against the guide-wall. This spring is usually secured at one end to a suitable support, such as 74, with its free end arranged in rear of the front curved ends of the separator and exerting a forward tension. The spring is formed with a transverse eye 75 in its free end, through which a screw 76 can be loosely passed into the web 6T. The diameter ofthe screw 'T6 is less than the internal diameter of the eye 75, so that the separator can move in its horizontal path without moving in the are with the free end of the spring. rlhe invention is not limited to the plate- I spring depending from an overhead support, l as the spring and support can be otherwise arranged without departing from the invention.

The outer side guide-rod 20 of the receiving-way is usually carried by swinging arms, so that the entire rod can be moved in or out transversely of the way to accommodate large or small letters. The rod swings a distance above the floor of the way when moved inwardly, so that letters sometimes work under it, and when swung a distance outwardly letters sometimes double at their outer ends and work out forwardly between the guide-rod and front end wall of the way. The said arms, which carry said guide or stop rod 2() in an elevated position above the plane of the floor of the letter-way, are fulcrumed to the frame to swing in planes transversely of the way, and devices are provided to swing' the arms, and consequently said rod 20, transversely of the letter-way. For instance, my Patent No. 585,076, dated June 22, 1897, shows the guide-rod mounted and controlled as hereinbefore referred to. The sleeve of the follower 7 slides longitudinally on said guide-rod, and consequently when the g'uiderod is adjusted transversely of the letter-way said follower also moves a corresponding distance transversely of said way. 1n Fig. 4 a device is shown which moves in and out with ters in their proper positions in the receivingway and to obviate the necessity of an adjustable stop at the front end of the way requiring a separate operation to adjust and which I have employed in some of my machines in use. The device shown in Fig. 4 comprises an elongated plate 77, arranged on edge and extending forwardly over the front table of the machine and in front of the receivingway and at its front end mounted on a pivot at T8, so that the free end of the plate can swing toward and from the guide 20. The free end of the plate extends inwardly through the longitudinal opening of the front wall of the receiving-way, and the plate extends along the inner side of the guide-rod 2O and is of suiicient height to close the space beneath said guide-rod and prevent the letters crowding beneath the same. A wing 7 9 extends laterally from the plate at a point in advance of its front end and in the opening in the front wall and toward the inner side of the way. The inner end of the wing is preferably deflected forwardly. A spring 8O can be provided to constantly press the plate toward the guiderod, while a projection 8l extends up from the plate and engages the inner side of the guiderod, so that the plate follows the guide-rod in its in and out movements automatically without any separate adjustments or operations. The wing closes the opening through the front end wall, near the outer end of the wall, and also serves to uphold the front letters in the receiving-way.

the guide-rod and is intended to.liold the let- TOO In Figs. 19 to 23, inclusive, I show the preferred form of separator comprising a sliding or reciprocating frame approximately as disclosed in Figs. 14 to 18, but having series of spring-metal catches or retainers carried by the beveled metal fingers or blocks. A metal frame 90 is provided at the end of the side wall 65, having a rearwardly-extending shank confined loosely beside said wall to guide and steady the frame in its reciprocation, as in said previously-mentioned construction. The front end of the frame has the separated metal lingers or blocks 92 92 arranged a distance from each other and projecting forwardly to the guide-wall 4 and having the beveled faces at the feedway side to be engaged by the letters in said feedway, which wedge back the separator to permit the passage of one letter at a time along the guide-wall il. Each finger or block 92 is formed with a series of parallel horizontal slots with a series of spring fingers .or retainers 93 mounted therein. These fingers or retainers swing toward and from the feedway and are pivoted at their inner ends in the'blocks 92 on the pivots 94C, while springs 95 constantly press their free projecting ends toward the feedway and against stops 96. The fingers project forwardly beyond the front ends of the blocks 92, and each linger 93 at its edge toward the feedway is provided with a notch or shoulder 97, facing toward the feedway and in the opposite direction to that in which the letters move in passing the separator. Suitable spring mechanism-such, for

instance, as shown in Figs. 15, 16, and 17#.

can be provided to constantly press the front ends of the blocks 92 toward and against the guidewall t lor the letters passing therethrough, so that said shoulders at the ends of the spring-retainers will catch the ends of the letter or several letters immediately behind the one being fed and will hold back said letters, while the one being fed will easily slide on past the same. As the fingers are inclined outwardly and rearwardly from their pivots, they will not retard the forward movement of the letter grasped by the feeder should its edge be caught by them, but will swing back and release the same, but will present suflicient resistance to other letters to prevent the passage of two letters at a time past the separator. As shown in Fig. 19, the ends of the wedge or cam shaped fingers or blocks are normally pressed against the guide-wall, the catches being withdrawn. Consequently the spring mechanism forcing the separator forwardly is of greater strength than all the springs 95 pressing the catches 98 outwardly. It should be noted that the reciprocating separatorframe is provided with letter-retarding means, which can be composed of friction material or one or more spring-actuated movable stops or catches or other devices, and that the reciprocating frame constitutes the separating device of the machine between the feedway and printing mechanism, no other separating devices, such as reversely-rotating rolls,- being necessary.. The term reciprocating separator7 is herein employed to distinghish'my present invention from that class of separators which swing back on a center or pivot under the pressure of the advancing letters. Usually pivoted fingers carrying shoulders have been employed for this purpose pivoted at the front ends of the side guide-wall of the letter-feedway. (See my patent No. 585,075, dated June 22, 1897.) These fingers swing back as a gate, and consequently the angle of the stop shoulders or fingers with respect to the letters constantly changes as the fingers swing back, so that letters behind the one being fed are very apt to slip past the ends of the lingers when pushed back, thus permitting' the objectionable skipping of letters by the printing mechanism. In the present invention the separator maintains its angle with the letters and the front guideplate whether a thick or thin letter is passing through and whatever the location of the separator within its path of movement. The separator-frame preferably moves in a vertical plane at right angles to the path of the letters and to the front guide-plate. As the separator-frame does not swing back, the faces or shoulders of the catches are always maintained at the same angle with respect to the letters and extend squarely or at right angles across the path of the letters and catch the ends thereof and only swing back under the pressure of the particular letter gripped' by the feeder and in view of the superior force moving the feeder. When the catches swing back under the pressure of this'superior force, the swing or movement thereof is very slight; but as the shoulders or faces thereof are inclined rearwardly the letter slips past. However, as the separator-frame is pressed back in a straight line the catches bear against the. rear face of the letter and maintain the proper angle to hold back letters behind the one being fed and separate them from the one being fed shouldl the letters be stuck together. It should be noted that the reciprocating separator presents letter-retarding means with extensive or elongated faces or portions to catch, hold, or stop the ends of letters in contradistinction to the mere bite between a feeding-roll and a curved or circular face pressing letters to the roll for the sole purpose of maintaining suiicient frictional hold of the feeding-roll on the letters. Material advantages are attained by employing a support to one side of the separator-frame and in a vertical plane parallel with the vertical plane of the separator and in securing a vertically-disposed plate-spring to such support and confining the free end of the spring to the separator-frame. Such an arrangement allows free access to the parts and allows them to be easily cleansed, and

IOO

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y the roll.

the spring can be easily removed and replaced, and the compactness of the machine is maintained and permits the reduction of friction by employing a very short shank for the separator-frarne.

In Figs. 1,41, and 24 to Q7, inclusive, I show several forms of inking device comprising a guard or shield for the ink pad or roll, which also actuates the same and holds it in proper position. The ink-pad 29 is carried by a swinging arm 100, fulcrumed at one end to the forwardly-extending bed of the frame and provided with any suitable spring' device to yieldingly hold the ink-pad to the proper position to engage and inl; the printing' characters of the printing-roll. The ink -pad usually consists of felt clamped between heads and having a central tube or bushing turning on a stud in the free end of said arm 100, and after some use the face of the pad soon bushes or flares out and is exceedingly apt to daub ink on other portions of the printing-roll than the printing characters, particularly on the feeding-section of said roll immediately below the printing-section, and to scatter ink over the front bed of the frame beneath the pad. 'I`o overcome this difliculty, I provide a shield arranged beneath the pad and engaging the lower end of the pad just beneath its point of engagement with the printing characters and extending' to the roll just above the feeding portion thereof, so as to uphold the edge of the pad from extending or flaring down onto said feeding' portion and arranged between the pad and said feeding' portion of This shield can consist of a cupshaped or hollow open-top roll 101, considerably larger in diameter than the ink-pad and having a central depending journal 102, mounted in a suitable bearing in-the frame, and a circular friction driving-flange 103 in engagement with the bearing portion of the printing roll, whereby the guard is constantly rotated by said printing-roll. Around its upper edge the shield is provided with the circular outwardly-inclined flange 104, engaging the printing-roll just above the feeding portion thereof. 'I he arm 100, carrying the ink-pad, is deflected upwardly over said shield, so that the ink-pad is arranged over the shield or within the open top thereofl and eccentrically thereto, with one side of its lower edge resting on the flange 104, whereby the ink-pad is rotated by contact with said iiange and is upheld by said liange in its proper position and entirely away from and out of contact with the feeding portion of the printing-roll and ink cannot be scattered from the pad over the printing-roll or bed of the machine; but any such ink is caught by the large shield. The rapid rotation of the ink-pad effects a better distribution of the ink over the printing characters of the printing-roll. In Fig.

26 the shield is shown mounted in an inclined position on an lnclined shaft or Journal, which carries the friction driving-fiange 103, and in Fig. 2T the shield consists of a plate 101', mounted at an inclination and having the inturned top edge flange 10stl to support and drive the ink-pad and protect the feeding portion of the printing-roll. It is preferred that the ink-pad should have a higher rate of speed than the peripheral speed of the printing-roll. The ink-pad supports and drivers shown, for instance, in Figs. Q6 and 27 thus rotate the ink-pad at an increased speed.

The normally withdrawn impression-roll with mechanism operated by each letter as it is carried into the printing mechanism, to move said roll to operative position, is not claimed in this application broadly, but forms the subject-matter of a divisional application tiled by me October Q6, 1897.

It is evident that various features hereinbefore set forth are of general application in various kinds of machines and that their use is not confined to mail-marking machinery and also that the peculiar stacker is independent of any particular construction of printing-roll or inail-marking machine and can be actuated by any eccentric rotary connection in connection with proper controlling means not necessarily the reciprocating feeder which accomplishes that purpose in the specific construction shown in the drawings and that the stacker pitman or connection does not necessarily under my invention also reciprocate a feeder, also that various changes and variations might be made in the forms, construetions, and arrangement of the parts described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I do not wish to limit myself to the specific constructions herein set forth.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent of the United States, is-

1. In combination, a receiving-way, mechanism to deliver inail-matter thereinto in an upright position, a stacliercom prisinga spring or yielding letter-engaging portion yieldingly held at its limit of movement toward the letters, and positivelymoving actuating and controlling mechanism arranged to carry said portionof the stacker in an endless or encircling path into and out of the path of the letters to press the letters in said way and thereby cause said portion to yield and then recover as it is in )red back away from the letters, substantially as described.

2. A receiving-way` in yfombinatim with a swinging connection in front of said way, rotary eccentric driving' means for said connection, a curved yielding pusher-linger extending' from said connection toward the front end of the way and carried thereby into and out of the front end of the way, and controlling-means, substantially as described.

3. A receiving-way, in combination with a swinging connection or pitman having its free IOO end extending transversely in front of the receiving-way and provided with a lateral pusher-finger extending toward said way, the opposite end of the pitman provided with controlling means confining the pusher-finger to move in an encircling path into and out of the front end of the way, and rotary actuating means eccentrically connected .to an intermediate portion of said pitman substantially as described.

4. A receiving-way, in combination with a swinging member arranged in front of and controlled to swing toward and from the receiving-way, and a yielding inwardly-projecting curved pusher-finger carried by the free end of said arm and arranged to swing into and out of the front end of the receiving-way and engage the letters with its outer convex edge, substantially as described.

5. A receiving-way, in combination with a swinging member arranged in front of and controlled to move toward and from the way, and a yielding inwardly-projecting pusherfinger carried by the free end of said member and having vits free end defiected rearwardly and carried transversely of and into and out of the front end of the way by said member, substantially as described.

6. A stacker comprising a movable member having a curved yielding pusher-finger extending laterally therefrom, and arranged to yield as it presses against the letters, as and for the purposes set forth and actuating means for said movable member, substantially as described.

7. In a mail-marking machine, the combination, a printing mechanism, a reciprocating feeder carrying the letters tothe printing mechanism, a receiving-way into which the letters are discharged from the printing mechanism, a pitman provided at an intermediate point with rotary actuating means, said pitman at one end connected to actuate the feeder and having its opposite free end extending in front of the receiving-way and provided with a pusher-finger extending inwardly and laterally from the pitman and rigid therewith and carried thereby, substantially as described.

8. A receiving-way, in combination with actuating means, a movable member having a yielding pusher-finger extending laterally therefrom to move into and out of the way, the free end of said finger deflected rearwardl y so that the finger will yield as it presses against the letters and is forced in by the member and will continue to press in against the letters as the member moves in the opposite direction and the spring or tension of the finger reacts or recovers, substantially as described.

9. In a mail-marking machine, the combination of a feeder, a printing-roll, a pitman at one end pivotally joined to the feeder and extending over and beyond the roll and pivotally joined eccentrically thereto, and a pusherfinger extending laterally directly from and forming the free end of the pitman, substantially as described.

\ 10. In .a mail-marking machine, .the combination of a letter-feedway, a receiving-way, a printing mechanism comprising a rotary printing-roll, afeeder, and a pitman operating the feeder from the printing-roll and at its free end provided with and entirely supporting and carrying a pusher-finger, substantially as described.

11. In a mail-marking machine, the combination of a feeder, a rotating roll, a pusher-finger, and a removable pitman carrying and entirely supporting said finger and operating the feeder from said roll, substantially as described. v

12. In a mail-marking machine, the combination of a reciprocating feeder, a rotary roll having a stud rigid with one end of the roll and eccentric thereto, a stud rigid with the feeder, a pitman having elongated bearings to receive said' studs and removably rest thereon so that the pitman can be lifted therefrom, and a pusher-finger secured to and carried by the free end of the pitman and removable therewith, substantially as described.

13. In mail-marking machines, the pitman actuating the feeder from the printing-roll having one end extended and provided with a yielding pusher-finger directly secured thereto and carried entirely thereby in combination with a feeder and a printing-roll, substantially as described.

14. A receiving-way, in combination with a horizontally-disposed movable member arranged in front thereof and carrying a bent or curved yielding or spring-presser finger moving into and out of the way and eccentric actuating means carrying said member, substantially as described.

15. A stacker comprising a positively driven and controlled swinging member having a pusher-finger in direct continuation of and rigid with its end, said finger defiected laterally and a rotary member on which said swinging member is eccentrically mounted, substantially as described.

16. A printing-roll having an edge recess opening through the edge and an end of the roll, removable type to fit in said recess in printing position, and a freely-swinging plate arranged on the end of the roll to swing over the type and confine them in said recess, substantially as described.

17. A printing-roll having an edge recess opening' through an edge and an end of the roll, removable separate type arranged to lit in said recess and to removably interlock therewith against outward movement so that the edges of the type are approximately flush with the end of the roll, and a freely-swinging plate arranged on said end of the roll and arranged to swing over the type and hold them in position and provided with means to nor- IOO IIO

to removably cover said type and prevent movement from the end of the roll, substani tially as described.

19. A printing-roll having' a recess to removably receive type and opening through an end of the roll, separate removable type arranged to fit radially in said recess with their outer faces approximately fiush with the end of the roll, and a yielding'ly-held freelyswinging plate arranged on the end of the roll and yieldingly held over said type to hold them in the recess, substantially asdescribed.

Q0. A printing-roll having an edge recess having sockets in the floor of the recess, removable type, each having a pin or projection from one side to enter a socket in the floor of the recess, the inner end of the type resting against a rigid portion Aof the roll, so that any type can be lifted from the recess and at the end of the roll, and a laterally-swinging' plate at the end of the roll over the upper faces of the type to hold them in position whereby the plate can be swung' laterally to expose the type.

2l. A printing-roll having' a radial recess opening through an end of the roll, removable type formed to interlock with the floor of said roll to hold the type against radial movement yet permitting the removal of any type from the end of the roll, the outer faces of the type Hush with the end of the roll, a swinging' plate on the end of the roll, aspring yieldingly holding' said plate over the type, and a stop to limit the swing' of the plate in one direction and leaving it free to swing' against the spring in the opposite direction to uncover the type, substantially' as described.

22. A printing-roll having an edge recess opening' through an end of the roll, a printing-block fitted and secured removably in said recess with its outer edge ending a distance from the end of the roll, a row of removable printing-type arranged on said outer edge of the block and each having' a projection entering the same, and means removably confining' said type in printing position, substantially as described.

23. .A printing-roll provided with a printing-die fixed thereto, and in advance thereof having its periphery provided with a yielding segmental portion under constant outward pressure, substantially as described.

24. A printing-roll having a yielding section forming a portion of its periphery, means normally and yielding'ly holding' said section to its limit of outward movement, said section l being pivoted near one end to said roll, thereby enabling' the material passing' the roll to ride up on said section, substantially as described.

25. A printing-roll having' its periphery provided with a radially-movable printing'- segment yieldingly held out to printing position so as to yield inwardly as it strikes each piece of mail-matter and a printing-die arranged in rear of said segment, substantially as described.

26. A printing-roll having a Vsegmental stamp-canceling die movable radially and yieldingly held outwardly and pivoted at or near its rear end whereby the free end of' the segmental die yields inwardly on striking a letter and rides on the letter to its pivoted end, substantially as described.

27. An impression-roll mounted to yield, in combination with a printing-roll having a printing-die and mounted on a shaft in rigid bearing's and provided with a radially-movable peripheral portion yieldingly held out to and capable of moving' beyond the circle of the roll, substantially as described.

Q8. A yielding'ly-held impression-roll of a mail-marking machine, in combination with a printing-roll coacting' therewith in grasping' and printing' the letters mounted in fixed bearings and having a fixed printing-die, the portion of the periphery of the printing-roll which firsteng'ages and takes hold of each letter entering' between the rolls, formed movable radially and yieldingly held out to the circle of the roll so as to yield or give inwardly as each letter enters the rolls and thereby avoid the sudden. shock and outward throw of the impressionroll, substantially as described.

29. A printing-roll having a circumferential recess at one end, printing-type occupying a portion of said recess, a segmental stamp-canceling die in said recess in advance of the type and pivoted at its rear end to permit radial swing' of its front end, and means vielding'ly holding the front end of said die outwardly to printing position and permitting inward yielding thereof, substantially as described.

30. A printing-roll having' a printing portion at one end thereof having' type and a swinging yieldingly-held stamp-canceling' die, and a circumferential letter-feeding portion to one side of' the printing portion and having a swinging yieldingly-held portion beside said die so that said die and yielding feeding portion yield or swing' inwardly when they strike or take hold of cach letter, substantially as described.

3l. A roll having the concentric feeding circumference, a section thereof being' movable and consisting of a segment forming a part of and normally within the periphery of the roll and pivoted at its rear end so that its front end can yield radially, a spring or yielding' device yieldingly holding' the segment to its limit of outward movement with its outer IOO IIO

feeding-'surface about within the circle of the circumference, a stop to limit the outward swing of the segment yet permit inward movement thereof, the segment arranged in a recess in the roll, substantially as described.

32. A roll having a printing or type-receiving portion having a recess, asegmental printing-block arranged in the recess and pivoted at its rear end to permit radial swing of its free end, a stop to limit outward swing of the block, a spring or yielding means pressing the block to its limit of outward movement and permitting inward swing of the'free end thereof, said roll having` a feeding' circumference or portion beside said printing portion and formed with a radial recess beside said printing-block, a segmental feeding-block in said recess and forming a portion of the feeding circumference and pivoted at its rear end to permit radial movement of its front end and provided with a stop to limit its outward swing and a yielding device holding it outwardly and permitting inward swing thereof, substantially as described.

33. A separator comprising a reciprocating frame, spring-held, and having inclined engaging faces provided with letter-retarding means, substantially as described.

84. A guiding-wall, in combination with a separator arranged opposite the same and comprising a reciprocating frame having rearwardly-inclined fingers or engaging surfaces provided with letter-retarding means, and a spring holding said frame with said surfaces toward said guide, substantially as described.

35. A guiding-wall along which the letters pass, in combination with a reciprocating frame yieldingly held toward said wall and having rearwardly -inclined letter engaging fingers or surfaces arranged to be engaged by the letters so that the frame is forced rearwardly a suflicient distance to permit the passage of one letter at a time along the wall while the letters behind the one being fed are held back, and means arranged at said surfaces to retard the letters, substantially as described.

36. A separator comprising a reciprocating frame provided at its inclined letter-engaging portion with letter-retarding means, and a single plate-spring loosely confined to the frame and yieldingly holding the same in its normal position, substantially as described.

37. In a mail-marking machine, the combination of a feedway having a letter-discharge and a guide-wall along which the letters are fed, a positive feeder forcibly carrying the letters through the discharge along' the wall, a support opposite the wall, the separator consisting of a frame reciprocating in a straight line toward and from said wall and loosely confined to and .guided by said support and having a retarding edge normally held across said discharge toward the guide-wall and provided with letter-retarding means, and a spring Y yieldingly holding the frame toward said wallW Vter at a time, substantially as described.

38. An opposing guide, in combination with a separator comprising a reciprocating frame yieldingly held in its normal position against said wall and having inclined letter engaging or retarding fingers rigid with the frame so that the pressure of the letters thereon will cause the entire frame and fingers to reciprocate rearwardly and permit the passage 'of one letter at a time, and letter-retarding means carried by said frame and arranged adjacent to said lingers and pressed against said wall or an interposed letter, substantially as described.

39. A guiding-wall on one side of a letterdischarge passage, in combination with a reciprocating frame on the opposite of the passage having inclined letter retarding and engaging surfaces or fingers normally extending across the passage to the wall, and a platespring having its free end springing toward saidwall and loosely confined to the frame', substantially as described.

40. A guide having a letter-discharge passage beside the same, in combination with a sliding separator-frame having an inclined finger or edge and letter-retarding means, and a spring or yielding mechanism holding the frame toward the wall and the edge across the passage, substantially as described.

41. In a mail-marking machine, printing mechanism, a feeder to carry the letters thereto, and mechanism to hold back or separate the letters from the particular letter being fed consisting essentially of a reciprocating spring-held frame having a wedge face or portion, whereby each letter reciprocates the frame in a straight line against its spring, said wedge-face provided with letter-retarding means, substantially as described.

42. In a mail-marking machine, the combination of a letter-discharge passage having a guide-wall along one side thereof, in combination with a support opposite the wall, a sliding separator-frame loosely confined to and guided by the support and having rearwardlyinclined fingers rigid therewith and extending across the passage, and a vertically-disposed plate-spring secured at one end with its free end springing toward the guide-wall and formed with a transverse eye, and means passing loosely therethrough and confining the spring to the separator-frame to yieldingly hold the fingers across the discharge, substantially as described. Y 43. An impression-roll having a smooth finely divided hard metal yieldingly supported impression-surface,substantially as described.

44. An impression roll having a smooth finely divided hardmetal impression sur- IOO 

